Conclusion Infections may trigger or contribute to the pathogenesis of arthritis. Thus, vaccines may prevent arthritis by protecting against natural infections. Rubella-containing vaccines (e.g. MMR)
Conclusion Vaccines currently routinely recommended to the general population in the U.S.* have not been shown to cause optic neuritis or neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Epidemiological
The 2012 report by the Institute of Medicine (IOM), now called the National Academy of Medicine (NAM), did not assess POI as a potential outcome of vaccination.